Anthony Giddens • Sociology 6th edition

Student Resources

Chapter 13 — Global Inequality

1. What percentage of the global population lives in what the World Bank describes as ‘high-income countries’?
   a) 50%
   b) 22%
   c) 35%
   d) 15%
2. In 1999 the low-income countries included 40% of the global population. What percentage of global wealth did they collectively produce?
   a) 20%
   b) 3%
   c) 40%
   d) 60%
3. According to the UN World Food Programme, 95% of the people who go hungry every day live in developing countries. How many people go hungry in our world?
   a) 220 million
   b) 830 million
   c) 1.1 billion
   d) 550 million
4. In which sector do two-thirds of the world’s working children perform their labour?
   a) wholesale and retail
   b) manufacturing
   c) agriculture
   d) services
5. In 2007, which of these countries was not reclassified by the World Bank as a ‘developed economy’?
   a) Guam
   b) Burundi
   c) Saudi Arabia
   d) Bahrain
6. World-systems theory distinguishes between core, peripheral and semi-peripheral countries. Which one of the following countries is part of the semi-periphery?
   a) Brazil
   b) Japan
   c) Ethiopia
   d) Spain
7. What is the main role of the International Monetary Fund?
   a) to reduce levels of global inequality
   b) to generate economic activity in the developing countries
   c) to maintain stability in the world financial system
   d) to provide funds for education programmes across the world
8. What is the largest socialist country that still exists in the world?
   a) China
   b) North Korea
   c) Ukraine
   d) Russia
9. In demographic terms, what is the main argument associated with Malthusianism?
   a) population growth creates the conditions for the spread of disease
   b) all countries must pass through the demographic transition
   c) population growth tends to outstrip food production
   d) birth control is irrelevant for the control of population growth
10. How many of the 573 current global billionaires are in Asia?
    a) 0
    b) 48
    c) 88
    d) 128
11. Global economic inequality refers primarily to:
    a) systematic differences in wealth and income between global firms
    b) systematic differences in wealth and income between countries
    c) systematic differences in wealth and income within countries
    d) systematic differences in wealth and income between poorer countries
12. Which of these does not include income earned by individuals or corporations outside a country?
    a) Gross National Product
    b) Gross Domestic Product
    c) Purchasing Power Parity
    d) Gross National Income
13. According to the World Bank, which of these is a middle-income country?
    a) India
    b) China
    c) Indonesia
    d) Vietnam
14. The sequence of Rostow's 'stages of economic growth' are:
    a) traditional, take-off, drive to maturity, high mass consumption
    b) traditional, drive to maturity, high mass consumption, take-off
    c) traditional, state intervention, high mass consumption, take-off
    d) traditional, dependency, modernization, take-off
15. Dependency theorists from low-income countries drew on the ideas of
    a) Walt Rostow
    b) Karl Marx
    c) Immanuel Wallerstein
    d) Bretton Woods
16. The 'Bretton Woods' institutions are:
    a) The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank
    b) The World Trade Organization and the World Bank
    c) The International Monetary Fund and the World Health Organization
    d) The United Nations and the World Trade Organization
17. The potential number of children that women are capable of bearing is called:
    a) fertility
    b) fecundity
    c) femininity
    d) facticity
18. The activity of measuring and explaining the size of populations is known as:
    a) Malthusianism
    b) demography
    c) forecasting
    d) official statistics
19. The demographic transition refers to:
    a) an increase in the birth rate
    b) an increase in the death rate
    c) an exponential growth in population
    d) a change in the ratio of births to deaths

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